--- title: "Glossary of Terms" canonical: "https://help.scopious.co.nz/space/KB/85917701/Glossary%20of%20Terms" format: markdown --- > Macro (toc) ## Alarm An Alarm allows you to set specific conditions that when met, will send out notifications to alert users of a potential problem. Alarms are highly configurable and constantly analyse received data to check if any alarm conditions are met. An Alarm supports multiple levels, multiple configurable conditions, and configurable user notifications. Alarms are made up of one or more [Alarm Rules](https://scopious.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/KB/pages/85917701/Glossary+of+Terms#Alarm-Rule). ## Alarm Rule An Alarm Rule defines a set of conditions to trigger an [Alarm](https://scopious.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/KB/pages/85917701/Glossary+of+Terms#Alarm), users to notify when the alarm is triggered, and the level to set the alarm to. An alarm can consist of one or more rules, and you can create a multi-level alarm by creating a rule for each level. ## Collaboration A Collaboration is a request to join another Organisation for the purpose of providing support. If you are a Reseller, you can request to collaborate with any of your customer organisations. If your collaboration request is accepted by that organisation you can switch to that organisation, however your access rights within that organisation will be restricted to the [Role](https://scopious.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/KB/pages/85917701/Glossary+of+Terms#Role) you are assigned to. ## Connectivity Alert A Connectivity Alert is a feature of the [NOC](https://scopious.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/KB/pages/85917701/Glossary+of+Terms#Network-Operations-Centre-(NOC)) and is an automated notification system that monitors your network resources, such as [Devices](https://scopious.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/KB/pages/85917701/Glossary+of+Terms#Device), [Gateways](https://scopious.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/KB/pages/85917701/Glossary+of+Terms#Gateway), and [Webhook Integrations](https://scopious.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/KB/pages/85917701/Glossary+of+Terms#Webhook-Integration). If any monitored resource encounters a connectivity issue, the system can notify you via email or an in-app notification. You will also receive recovery notifications when the resource you are monitoring recovers from its inactive, disconnected or unhealthy state. ## Contact A Contact is a verified email address outside of your Scopious Organisation that can be used to send [Alarm](https://scopious.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/KB/pages/85917701/Glossary+of+Terms#Alarm) notifications to. The email address must be verified before an Alarm can be configured to use it. ## Coverage Provider A Coverage Provider is a Scopious customer that provides wireless coverage to other Scopious customers. ## Dashboard A Dashboard provides a way to view your device data using graphs and tables. A Dashboard is made up of a group of [Dashboard Cells](https://scopious.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/KB/pages/85917701/Glossary+of+Terms#Dashboard-Cell), where each cell contains a single graph or table. Dashboards allow you to present related Cells together. - When you add a device to a [Premium Device Pool](https://scopious.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/KB/pages/85917701/Glossary+of+Terms#Device-Pool) a pre-made dashboard will automatically appear for that device. - You can create your own custom dashboards. - We can create advanced dashboarding functionality if needed. Contact [Scopious Support](mailto:support@scopious.co.nz) and we will see what we can do to help. This service will incur charges (refer to [Dashboard Customisation](https://scopious.co.nz/services/pricing) fees). ## Dashboard Cell A Dashboard Cell allows you to visualise device data inside a [Dashboard](https://scopious.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/KB/pages/85917701/Glossary+of+Terms#Dashboard). Cells only exist inside dashboards and come in many different types. In order to create a cell, you must have at least one [Device](https://scopious.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/KB/pages/85917701/Glossary+of+Terms#Device) added to a [Premium Device Pool](https://scopious.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/KB/pages/85917701/Glossary+of+Terms#Device-Pool) that has sent at least one uplink. Cells can be moved around the dashboard and re-sized. Types of Cells include: - Gauge - Line graph - Line graph + Single Stat overlaid (e.g. latest value, average value, max value) - Heat map - Histogram - Mosaic - Single Stat - Table - Note Cells - These don’t display data but are useful for adding context and extra detail to your dashboards. ## Device A Device is a LoRaWAN compliant IoT device that communicates wirelessly with a [Gateway](https://scopious.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/KB/pages/85917701/Glossary+of+Terms#Gateway) using LoRaWAN protocol. Any device that you add must be in range of your gateway or one of our coverage providers gateways in order for it to send data. Devices that are [pre-approved](https://scopious.atlassian.net/wiki/x/DIBFAQ) by Scopious can be added by scanning the device's QR code or by searching for the device in our system using its Device EUI or Serial Number. Preapproved devices will have a [Dashboard](https://scopious.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/KB/pages/85917701/Glossary+of+Terms#Dashboard) automatically created for them provided they are added to a [Premium Device Pool](https://scopious.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/KB/pages/85917701/Glossary+of+Terms#Device-Pool). ## Device Pool A Device Pool groups devices together to allow their data to be sent to the same destination by [Integrating](https://scopious.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/KB/pages/85917701/Glossary+of+Terms#Integration) with an external platform. A Device Pool supports multiple [Integrations](https://scopious.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/KB/pages/85917701/Glossary+of+Terms#Integration) so the same data can be sent to multiple platforms. A Device Pool can be **Premium** or **Standard**: - **Premium Device Pools** will always send device data to the **Scopious** platform for storage and processing. A Premium Device Pool is created automatically when an Organisation is created. [Integrations](https://scopious.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/KB/pages/85917701/Glossary+of+Terms#Integration) can be created to the send device data to external platforms as well. - **Standard Device Pools** will send device data to external platforms only, and Scopious will not store or process the data. This type of Device Pool requires at least one [Integration](https://scopious.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/KB/pages/85917701/Glossary+of+Terms#Integration) be created so device data will always be sent to at least one external platform. Devices cannot be added to this type of Device Pool until an [Integration](https://scopious.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/KB/pages/85917701/Glossary+of+Terms#Integration) has been created. Device Pools can be upgraded and downgraded at any time. ## Device Threshold A Device Threshold can be created for a [Device](https://scopious.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/KB/pages/85917701/Glossary+of+Terms#Device). It is a numerical level that can be displayed on any [Dashboard Cell](https://scopious.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/KB/pages/85917701/Glossary+of+Terms#Dashboard-Cell) that is associated with that device. You can use thresholds to help visualise data boundaries and limits on graphs. In order to create a Threshold, you must ensure that the device is connected and sending data packets. ## Gateway A Gateway provides wireless coverage to LoRaWAN [Devices](https://scopious.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/KB/pages/85917701/Glossary+of+Terms#Device). The gateway relays messages between devices and the network server allowing the devices to communicate with the network. For your devices to be able to connect, you need at least one gateway in your organisation, or be in range of one of our [Coverage Provider's](https://scopious.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/KB/pages/85917701/Glossary+of+Terms#Coverage-Provider) gateways. ## Integration An Integration represents a connection to an external platform. Integrations only exist inside a [Device Pool](https://scopious.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/KB/pages/85917701/Glossary+of+Terms#Device-Pool) and can be created in both Premium and Standard device pools. In a Standard device pool, you must create at least one Integration before you can add Devices, so device data always has a destination to go to. Scopious supports Webhook (recommended) and MQTT integrations. ## Invitation An Invitation is a request for someone to join your organisation with a specified [Role](https://scopious.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/KB/pages/85917701/Glossary+of+Terms#Role). You can send an Invitation to any email address. If they already have a Scopious account, they can simply accept the invitation and instantly become a member of your organisation and are assigned the specified Role. If they are not a Scopious user, they will have to complete the user registration steps to create their user account first. Upon creating their account, they will become a member of your organisation with the specified Role. ## Location Image An image that [Devices](https://scopious.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/KB/pages/85917701/Glossary+of+Terms#Device) can be placed on to record their location in greater detail. ## Network Server A LoRaWAN Network Server (LNS) manages communication between [LoRaWAN devices](https://scopious.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/KB/pages/85917701/Glossary+of+Terms#Device) and applications that use their data. It contains the network intelligence, ensuring data from devices is collected, decoded and forwarded correctly. Scopious operates a network server which your [Gateways](https://scopious.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/KB/pages/85917701/Glossary+of+Terms#Gateway) and [Devices](https://scopious.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/KB/pages/85917701/Glossary+of+Terms#Device) connect to. ## Network Operations Centre (NOC) The NOC allows you to monitor key metrics for [devices](https://scopious.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/KB/pages/85917701/Glossary+of+Terms#Device), [gateways](https://scopious.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/KB/pages/85917701/Glossary+of+Terms#Gateway), and webhook [integrations](https://scopious.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/KB/pages/85917701/Glossary+of+Terms#Integration). This includes active and inactive device counts, connected and disconnected gateway counts, and connection reliability metrics for both devices and gateways. ## Organisation An Organisation is where you manage your project. It is where [Users](https://scopious.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/KB/pages/85917701/Glossary+of+Terms#User) can add and manage [Devices](https://scopious.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/KB/pages/85917701/Glossary+of+Terms#Device) and [Gateways](https://scopious.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/KB/pages/85917701/Glossary+of+Terms#Gateway), create [Integrations](https://scopious.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/KB/pages/85917701/Glossary+of+Terms#Integration), view device data in [Dashboards](https://scopious.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/KB/pages/85917701/Glossary+of+Terms#Dashboard), and create [Alarms](https://scopious.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/KB/pages/85917701/Glossary+of+Terms#Alarm). An organisation is owned by a single user (normally the creator of the organisation), and many users can join an organisation. As a user, you can only own one organisation, but you can belong to many organisations. Our platform supports the following types of organisations: - **Independent** - this is a standard organisation used by independent businesses. It is the default organisation created when you create your user account (if you have not been invited to join another organisation). - **Reseller** - this is an organisation used by [Reseller](https://scopious.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/KB/pages/85917701/Glossary+of+Terms#Reseller) businesses to manage their own customers. To request to change to a Reseller organisation, visit [Become a Scopious Reseller](https://scopious.co.nz/become-a-reseller). - **Managed** - this is an organisation created and managed by a [Reseller](https://scopious.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/KB/pages/85917701/Glossary+of+Terms#Reseller). ## Payload Formatter A payload formatter is a component within the platform responsible for ensuring uplink packets are converted to a specific data format. ## Permissions Permissions determine which parts of the application users can access. ## Reseller A Reseller is a business that has been approved by Scopious to resell the services provided by the Scopious platform. Reseller customers use the Scopious platform, but it is Resellers that provide training and support for their customers and bill their customers for their service. Visit our website if you would like to [Become a Scopious Reseller](https://scopious.co.nz/become-a-reseller). ## Role A Role defines the [Permissions](https://scopious.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/KB/pages/85917701/Glossary+of+Terms#Permissions) that a [User](https://scopious.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/KB/pages/85917701/Glossary+of+Terms#User) has within the [Organisation](https://scopious.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/KB/pages/85917701/Glossary+of+Terms#Organisation). With a Role, you can control what access a user has to every resource in the Organisation. When you create your own Organisation, you will be given the **Admin** Role by default. This Role gives you all permissions to every resource and the role cannot be edited or deleted. You can create new Roles, and for each Role created you can control the create, read, update and delete permissions of all resources. The owner of the Organisation will always be assigned the **Admin** role. ## Site A Site is an area on a map defined by a site boundary and contains one or more [Site Locations](https://scopious.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/KB/pages/85917701/Glossary+of+Terms#Site-Location). ## Site Boundary Alert A Site Boundary Alert lets you notify people when a GPS tracking device enters or exits a [Site](https://scopious.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/KB/pages/85917701/Glossary+of+Terms#Site). ## Site Location A Site Location exists inside a boundary defined by its [Site](https://scopious.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/KB/pages/85917701/Glossary+of+Terms#Site). It represents a real-life location where [Devices](https://scopious.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/KB/pages/85917701/Glossary+of+Terms#Device) reside. It comprises one or more [Location Images](https://scopious.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/KB/pages/85917701/Glossary+of+Terms#Location-Image), portraying the location of devices within that image. This is to aid in precisely locating devices, as sometimes GPS is not accurate enough, especially within multi-storey buildings or anywhere devices are clustered together in close proximity. ## Tag A Tag is a label that you can apply to select resources in the Scopious application. It allows you to categorise these resources for easier filtering and organisation. A Tag can also be used to tag device data sent to an external webhook integration via the **Device Data** tag behaviour. The Device Data tag behaviour works by attaching the tag name to an attribute field in device uplink webhook payloads. This allows for easier categorisation of data in your external platforms. ## User A User is someone that uses the Scopious application. Every user must create a user account, and a user can be a member of one or more [Organisations](https://scopious.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/KB/pages/85917701/Glossary+of+Terms#Organisation). The actions you can perform inside an organisation are controlled by the [Role](https://scopious.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/KB/pages/85917701/Glossary+of+Terms#Role) that you belong to. ## Webhook Integration A Webhook Integration is a way for the Scopious platform to automatically send data to your system as soon as it becomes available. Webhooks are event based providing a simple, efficient way to receive real-time data without needing to continuously request it.